Solar cell is a light, responsive and are able to convert light energy into electrical devices. Photovoltaic effect can produce many kinds of materials, such as: silicon, polycrystalline silicon, amorphous silicon, gallium arsenide, copper indium selenium. They are basically the same principles of power generation is now crystal as an example to describe the process of light generation. P-type crystalline silicon doped with phosphorus available through N-type silicon, the HD438 battery formation of P-N junction.
When the light irradiation solar surface, part of the photons absorbed by silicon material; photon energy transfer to the silicon atoms, so that electronic transitions have taken place and become a free electron concentration in the PN junction formed on both sides of the potential difference, when the external circuit connected when under the influence of the voltage, there will be current flow through the external circuit produces a certain output power. The essence of this process: photon energy conversion into electricity process.